Article code: 32-060
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PanStadia International Quarterly Report: Volume 3 No 2, January 1996.
[PITCH SYSTEMS]
A DREAM COME TRUE
The opening of the Amsterdam Arena is set to see
the introduction of a totally new concept in field management -
a pitch that is guaranteed to be perfect. BRUCE SMITH reports.
Close your eyes and imagine this - a natural grass sports facility which can stage up to
100 non-sporting events a year and still guarantee 30 top class soccer matches on an
unrivalled grass surface. A dream? No, in August this year at the Amsterdam Arena it is
all set to come true.
Stadium Amsterdam, as it was originally known, grew out of the need for a new national
stadium to replace the ageing Dutch Olympic Stadium and to provide a home worthy of the
World and European soccer champions Ajax. Built across a motorway and on top of a
two-storey car park, the 52,000 capacity stadium features a fully retractable roof. The
facility claims to be the most futuristic ever built - with good reason.
Venue Revenue Services (VRS) - a subsidiary of Terraplas plc, a British company world
famous for their Turf Protection System - have come up with a package that is due to
secure them the most prestigious contract in world stadium new build. VRS have combined
the Prescription Athletic Turf (PAT) controlled environment natural turf system with the
Terraplas turf protection system and coupled these with a guaranteed maintenance and floor
management package. This package incorporates a computer operated controlled environment
turf pitch and expert on-site backup.
Like so many advances that take place, it was the marriage of two separate innovations
born on either side of the Atlantic that gelled with the right mix of personnel from a
variety of disciplines. These factors combined to make the system possible and are proving
to be an irresistable choice for Amsterdam Arena.
Pitch Watch
The story of how this all came about is intriguing in itself. The 100 million
project was required to house a variety of non-field events. In particular it was expected
to be a world stage for major music events including rock and classical concerts and
operas - an area where the Netherlands had been lagging behind the rest of Europe.
However, the prime field event was to be soccer. The Royal Dutch FA required a venue
worthy of their ever-improving national side and a fitting final venue for the European
Championships to be jointly staged with Belgium in the year 2000.
Ajax's own 19,000 seat stadium with its woeful facilities hardly did justice to its
outstanding team. The prime requirement for the new arena was a perfect playing surface,
so much so that they insisted that it had to be guaranteed.
This created tremendous problems as it was recognised that the roof construction reduced
light to the field and it was also felt there would be a lack of air movement making
perfect turf difficult to grow and maintain. Coupled to these problems was the financial
need for the arena to host many non-sports events which would further trouble the grass.
For these reasons the project managers for Amsterdam Arena - Heidemij Realisatie, a major
Dutch corporation - were instructed to do a feasibility study on putting a removable pitch
into the arena.
The original concept for the removable pitch came from the system used in the Pontiac
Silverdome for the 1993 US Cup and 1994 World Cup. Although much attention was given to
this pitch by the media it was only designed to be taken out and reassembled a few times
and at a cost of some 250,000 on each occasion. After the World Cup group games it
made way for the Detroit Lions' normal synthetic surface.
The practical problems in implementing a multi-use removable field became ever more
apparent. Ultimately, the project manager for Amsterdam Arena realised that the technology
required to implement the growth, effective transportation and management of a fully
removable pitch was not readily available. Although they realised that a makeshift system
might be possible, it would prove to be a high risk venture, expensive to implement, and
the perfect pitch guarantees required by Amsterdam Arena and Ajax simply couldn't be met.
As the autumn of 1995 approached the idea of the removable pitch was dropped and a new
solution was sought. That was when VRS entered the scene.
Mind Meld
Early in 1995, when a removable pitch was still being planned for the Amsterdam Arena,
Miami's magnificent Joe Robbie Stadium (JRS) had just undergone a multi-million dollar
overhaul of its playing surface. The surface churned up by the Dolphins football side was
stripped and was replaced not just with a surface but with a concept field system called
Prescription Athletic Turf - or PAT.
PAT is based on a closed system design and it incorporates a highly effective
sub-irrigation and water conservation system using the latest sensor technology linked to
computers running custom software. These computers monitor and control the root zone
environment to ensure that moisture content remains at optimum levels for growth. The
subsurface includes a unique vacuum chamber system connected to the drain matrix so that
excess water can be forcibly displaced at a rate of nearly 100,000 gallons an hour. The
implementation also allows the field to be perfectly flat.
The first test of the new surface at JRS was not as home field for the Florida Marlins
baseball team - the new Major League season was still a couple of weeks off - but to
provide terra firma for ten of thousands of fans as Elton John and Billy Joel came to
town. To the uninitiated it have would seemed to have created a million dollar headache
for the stadium management team but the value of the Terraplas turf protection system was
already well known to them.
Turf Protection
Affectionately known as the Venue of Legends, few would argue that Wembley provides one of
the best playing surfaces in the world. However, it is a little known fact that Wembley
Stadium is also the busiest outdoor concert stadium in the world, often holding in excess
of 15 events a year each lasting two, three, four and even five days. With the need to
provide an effective turf protection system the
concept of Terraplas was conceived. A translucent plastic tile system, Terraplas underwent
two years of testing to ensure the product was perfect before the Stadium took delivery of
the system in 1991. The system was supplied as two metre square interlocking panels and is
easy to fit. It takes less than a day to install and remove and has numerous additional
features.
These rather significant facts were largely unknown to the likes of Joe Motz, whose Motz
Group had acquired the rights and patent to the Prescription Athletic Turf system some two
years earlier. Robert Else, the chairman of Terraplas, was in Miami to see the new
installation and at the time recalled the mild state of panic that had set in when the
Motz people found out that their new field was about to spend nearly a week under cover.
"Their first thought seemed to be to increase the level of irrigation to apply
maximum moisture for what they thought was going to be a period of intense drying out
under the tiles."
However, the design of Terraplas didn't require this as it allows the passage of air,
light and water thus eliminating any possibility of turf yellowing. Far from damaging the
grass, Terraplas acts like a greenhouse and actually promotes good grass growth. The
addition of the extra irrigant in itself posed a potential problem which was when Else got
his first sight of the PAT system. "By using the array of irrigation pipes and the
vacuum chamber, the Motz people were able to siphon off the excess water. Indeed once the
Terraplas was down and installed by a combination of adjusting water levels and
temperature at root level, we found we had almost total control over the grass and its
rate of growth."
They also found that by using the large vacuum tank they could pull air through the root
zone and provide oxygen to keep the roots healthy. This was to become particularly
important for the Amsterdam installation due to its lack of air movement.
Chief executive officer Joe Motz was flabbergasted when he saw for himself that the
pristine nature of his pitch had been maintained. The duplex event that had seen the pitch
play temporary host to over 10,000 seats over two days, passed by without a scratch to the
pitch which was cleared and ready for field events just a day later. Inevitably, Else was
asked to represent the PAT system outside the US due to his knowledge and contacts with
stadia worldwide. His thoughts were already turning towards a system of total pitch
control.
Else wanted to investigate the possibilities further and was much helped when Steve
Tingley, the former Wembley head groundsman, agreed to join VRS as technical director.
Tingley's vast wealth of experience gained at Wembley and as a hired-trouble-shooter at
stadia around the globe places him in an elite group of world turf experts. In one stroke
it provided Else with the credibility required for VRS to devise and maintain a total
event surface.
VRS immediately set about putting the potential into a practical package. One of the first
items on its agenda was to take the sand based sod system used by PAT and integrate it
with a man-made turf grid to add further stability to cope with the heavier European
climate.
A closed loop soil heating system was designed to operate through the system's drainage
and sub-irrigation matrix for the distribution of heated water. The system computer was
also modified to provide automated root zone temperature management thereby ensuring no
cancellation of games due to a frozen pitch.
Movable Objects
By the time that Heidemij Realisatie had concluded that the much vaunted removable pitch
was a non-starter, the VRS turf maintenance and floor management scenarios had been
completed. Having heard on the grapevine of the pending difficulties, Else and Tingley had
arrived in Amsterdam to meet with Peter Van Suydam, the head of the Heidemij Realisatie
management team.
Else takes up the story, "All of our groundwork and preparation proved worthwhile. By
showing what had been achieved at other stadia with PAT and Terraplas and the fact that we
had one of the biggest names in turf management aboard went a long way in our favour.
The capability of having up to 100 non-sports event days and a saving of well over 2
million on the cost of a removable pitch meant that the VRS package had to be the solution
to Amsterdam Arena's problem.
The next stage required VRS to complete a full proposal for the installation and
management package. It was presented to Heidemij Realisatie a week later. As the new year
dawned the spotlight turned back to the Joe Robbie Stadium where the directors of
Amsterdam Arena and Ajax FC were taken to examine the facility in Miami and see at first
hand the full PAT installation. The visit also provided the opportunity for the directors
to talk to the JRS staff and solicit their views on the combination of PAT and Terraplas.
VRS and Heidemij Realisatie are now moving at full speed to ensure that everything is in
place for the August opening. With construction apace on the PAT system, the seed for the
turf should be sown towards the end of April. An extra 10,000 square metres of turf is
also being grown outside the stadium to provide a backup area.
New software and a modem link will enable the VRS head office to monitor pitch sensor
readings remotely and, aided by a close circuit video system, have day to day remote
visual monitoring. Ongoing maintenance will be carried out by VRS and Heidemij staff under
the supervision of Steve Tingley who will also oversee the floor management when the arena
is being used for non-sports activities.
Heidemij Realisatie, who have themselves constructed and look after a number of pitches in
Holland, were so impressed with the VRS package that they now exclusively represent VRS in
Holland. They will be actively marketing the package of PAT, Terraplas and VRS maintenance
and floor management. VRS and Heidemij will be jointly managing the installation and
maintenance on all future PAT sites in the Netherlands.
Meeting Points
In being able to meet the stipulations, requirements and guarantees laid down by Amsterdam
Arena, VRS had to stipulate a number of rules of their own. First and foremost was that
the stadium roof would be left retracted on all occasions when the arena was not actively
being used as an indoor centre - thus enabling as much sunlight and natural ventilation to
the surface as possible. In addition to this, there should be 14 clear days before the
start of each playing season to allow for pitch preparation, assuming that the field had
been used extensively during the close season.
The package of PAT, Terraplas and VRS maintenance and floor management offers Amsterdam
Arena a unique opportunity to be a truly multi-functional facility with guaranteed turf
grass condition. Whilst the elements are all individually proven over many years at venues
around the world, the unique feature which will set Amsterdam Arena apart is that they
have come together under a central management point to provide a guaranteed product.
This, the ultimate in turnkey systems, has the additional benefit of allowing the
Amsterdam Arena management team the time to spend on promoting almost full-time use of the
Arena without having to worry about grass conditions for forthcoming sports events. With
the freedom of mind to concentrate on making Amsterdam Arena a huge financial success the
eyes of the world be on VRS's package which looks to be a dream guaranteed.
Bruce Smith is an award winning journalist and author of over 150 books. He can be emailed
at BruceSmithBooks@MSN.com.